2010年上海高考英语阅读理解新题型13

2010年上海高考英语阅读理解新题型13

Section Ｄ

Directions: Read the following passage and complete the sentences or answer the questions according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

Writing being largely a self-taught occupation, texts on how to get about it —though great in number— seldom are of much use.

You try, and fail. Then try again, and perhaps fail not quite so grievously. Until at last, if you have some gift for it, the failures become less frequent, or at any rate less noticeable.

It is this ability to conceal one’s defects（瑕疵）that passes, finally, for accomplishment.

Along the way there are the discouragements of unkind criticism, outright rejection, nagging insecurity and irregular inability to meet debts.

It is uncommon, therefore, to come across a book containing advice of much practical value for anyone toying with the dangerous idea of staring on a writing life.

A friend recently loaned me such a book, however — one I wish I’d had the

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luck to read years ago, and which I would commend to any young person bent on making a career of words. It is the autobiography of the English novelist Anthony Trollope, first published in 1883, the year after his death.

Needing some means to support himself, Trollope at age 19 signed on as a junior clerk in the British postal service. He was at his desk at 5:30 each morning to write for three hours. And he remained in the mail service 33 years, long after reputation and prosperity had come to him.

Now, what of his advice?

1. For safety’s sake, arm yourself with some other skills, some other line of work to fall back on. That way, failure at writing, though the disappointment may be keen, will not mean utter ruin.

2. Do not depend overly much on inspiration. Writing is a craft, which Trollope compared to the craft of shoemaking. The shoemaker who has just turned out one pair of his work sets to work immediately on the next pair.

3. Have a story to tell, but, more important than that, people it with characters who will speak and move as living creatures in the reader’s mind. Without memorable characters, story alone is nothing.

4. Meet your deadlines. Life is endlessly “painful and troublesome” for writers who can’t finish their work on time.

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5. Do not be inflated by praise. And, above all, do not be crushed by criticism.

6. Understand the risks of writing for a living. “The career, when successful, is pleasant enough certainly; but when unsuccessful, it is of all careers the most painful.”

1. What is the passage mainly about?

2. From the context, what does the phrase “pass for” in Paragraph 3 mean?

3. According to the author, what is the definition of writing ?

4. What is the author ’s most probable profession?

Keys: 1. The passage is mainly about sound advice provided in A. Trollope’s autobiography.

2. It means “be regarded as”.

3. Writing is basically a self-taught occupation and no instructions on how to deal with it are of any practical use.

4. He is most probably a writer.

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Section Ｄ

Directions: Read the following passage and complete the sentences or answer the questions according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

A long-awaited final report from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concludes that foods from healthy cloned animals and their offspring are as safe as those from ordinary animals, effectively removing the last US regulatory barrier to the marketing of meat and milk from cloned cattle, pigs and goats.

The 968-page \"final risk assessment,\" not yet released but obtained by The Washington Post, finds no evidence to support people’s concerns that food from clones may have hidden risks.

But, recognizing that a majority of consumers are wary of food from clones—and that cloning could damage the good image of American milk and meat—the report includes hundreds of pages of raw data so that others can see how it came to its conclusions.

The report also acknowledges that human health concerns are not the only subject raised by the coming-out of cloned farm animals.

“Moral, religious and ethical concerns have been raised,” the agency notes in a document accompanying the report. But the report is “exactly a science-based

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assessment.” It reports, because the agency is not authorized by law to consider those issues.

In practice, it will be years before foods from clones make their way to store shelves in large quantities, in part because the clones themselves are too valuable to kill or milk. Instead, the expensive animals — replicas(复制品) of some of the finest farm animals ever born — will be used firstly as breeding stock to create what supporters say will be a new generation of superior farm animals.

When food from those animals hits the market, the public may yet have its say. FDA officials have said they do not expect to require food from clones to be labeled as such, but they may allow foods from ordinary animals to be labeled as not from clones.

1. What conclusion has FAD drawn after the public waited for a long time?

2. Foods from clones won’t be available soon partly because __________________________.

3. With the appearance of cloned farm animals, people care more about _________________ ________________________________________________ problems.

4. How will foods from ordinary animals be labeled?

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Keys:

1. FDA made the conclusion that foods from healthy cloned animals and their offspring are as safe as those from ordinary animals.

2. the clones themselves are too valuable to kill or milk.

3. human health, moral, religious and ethical

4. They will be allowed to be labeled as not from clones.

Section Ｄ

Directions: Read the following passage and complete the sentences or answer the questions according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

President Barack Obama met briefly with his half brother, Mark Okoth Obama Ndesandjo, who lives in China since 2002.

The three chatted on Monday night, with Obama being introduced to Ndesandjo's wife, a native of Henan, China, whom he married a year ago.“I think he came directly off the plane, changed some clothes and then came down and saw us.” Ndesandjo said, \"And he just gave me a big hug. And it was so intense. I'm still over the moon on it. And my wife is also on the top of the world. She is his biggest fan and I think she is still recovering.\"

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In the CNN interview, president Obama told CNN ,\"I don't know him well. We did not grow up together. I met him for the first time a couple of years ago.” The president said he hadn't read his brother's book, \"Nairobi to Shenzhen,\" which features a boy who is the son of a Jewish mother and an abusive father from Kenya. Ndesandjo recently wrote this novel about the abusive Kenyan father they share, Obama Senior. In his book, Mark wrote : “My father beat my mother and also beat me. ”Ndesandjo said it took a long time for him to become \"proud to be an Obama.\"

The president himself also wrote about his father, who abandoned him as a child, in his best-selling memoir , “Dreams From My Father”. “It's no secret that my father was a troubled person,” President Obama said. “he had an alcoholism problem. He didn't treat his families very well. Obviously it's a sad part of my history and my background.”

Ndesandjo said he bought tickets months ago to fly from the southern boomtown of Shenzhen, where he has lived, to Beijing, in hopes of reconnecting with his brother. The two last met in January when Ndesandjo attended Obama's inauguration as a family guest.

Ndesandjo , the 43-year-old businessman and musician , earns a living as a marketing consultant in Shenzhen, near Hongkong. He earned degrees in physics from Brown University and Stanford and an MBA from Emory University. As a classical and jazz pianist, Ndesandjo also volunteers as a piano teacher in an orphanage. His fluent spoken and written Chinese impress many Chinese. \"Mark is

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very smart and multitalented,\" wrote one state news agency. However, for most of time he has maintained a low profile, having repeatedly turned down offers from Chinese companies to be a product spokesman.

1. Do president Obama and his brother feel proud of their father? What was their father like?

2. When and on what occasion did the two brothers meet before Obama’s vist to Beijing?

3. Why is Nesandjo constantly invited by the Chinese companies to be a product spokesman?

4. We can tell from the passage that President Obama’s half brother is a caring person from the fact that

Keys:

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1. No, they don’t. He was a troubled person.

2. They last met in January when Ndesandjo attended Obama's inauguration as a family guest.

3. He is now a celebrity because of his connection with the president./ He’s now famous……

4. he also volunteers as a piano teacher in an orphanage.

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