小学六年级英语上册同义词辨析

1. on time & in time

on time “按时 / 准时 / 正点” in time “及时”

e.g. The train always comes in on time. (火车总是正点进站。) He was in time for the bus. 他及时赶上汽车。 2. all & whole “全部 / 所有”

all 用于定冠词物主代词和其它限定词之前。 即all + the + n. whole 用于定冠词物主代词和其它限定词之后。即the +whole + n. e.g. all the time = the whole time 全部时间 all my life = my whole life 我的一生 all the city = the whole city 整个城市

all that afternoon = that whole afternoon 那整个下午 look out “小心”表示警告尤指有危险。 e.g. Look out! There’s a car coming.

be careful “小心”注意你在做的事避免伤着自己或损坏了东西或做错事情。e.g. Be careful not to wake the baby.

Be careful of the traffic.

Please be careful with my glasses.(= Don’t break them.) 3. in front of & in the front of

in front of 在(外面的) „„ 前面 in the front of 在(里面的) „„ 前面

The driver is sitting in the front of the bus. He is driving it.司机正坐在汽车的前面开车。

There is a big tree in front of my house. 我家房前有一棵大树。

4. look, look at, see, watch 和 read 都可译为 “看”但用法不同。 1)look 和 look at 有意识的“看 / 瞧”但并不表示看见。look 后不跟宾语;look at 后必须跟宾语。

e.g. look at the blackboard look at the picture look at the young man 2)see “看见 / 看到”是 look at 的结果。或表示“看望” e.g. see a friend see a film see many trees in the park

3watch “观看 / 注视”戏电视比赛试验或表演。 e.g. watch TV watch a football game watch a volleyball game 4) read “阅读”报信或杂志

e.g. read a book read a story read a magazine read a letter 5. family, home 和 house family 常指“家庭成员”。

home “家 / 住所”包括其中的家具和设备可以迁移 。 house “房子”指建筑物不能迁移。 e.g. There are three people in my family. He works here but his home is in Shanghai. There is an old house at the foot of the hill. 6. few, a few, little & a little

1) few / a few 后跟可数名词的复数。

2) little / a little 后跟不可数名词。

3) few 和 little 表示否定意思。反义词分别是 many 和 much 4) a few 和 a little 表示肯定意思。

e.g. I have a few friends at school. 在学校里我有几个朋友。 He has few friends at school. 在学校里他没有几个朋友。 There is a little jam in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点果酱 There is little meat in the fridge. 冰箱里没有什麽肉了。 7. can & may

can 强调“能力所及” e.g. He can drive a car. 他会开小汽车。 may 表示“可以”不是能力所及而是指“这样做是可允许的”。e.g. You may borrow the book if you

want to. 如果你想借这本书你可以借。

在口语中可用can 代替may但决不可用 may 代替can。 如课文中句子May I ask you

some questions? 还可以说Can I ask you some questions? 但是Can you speak English? 不可说成 May you speak English? 8. learn & study

1 泛指“学习” 二者可以互换使用。 e.g.

When did Karl Marks begin to study (learn) Russian?卡尔马克斯什么时候开始学俄语

Are you learning (studying) Japanese? 你在学习日语吗

2 learn 模仿学习某种本领技巧常跟动词不定式或动词不定式短语。即

learn to do sth e.g. I am learning to swim. 我正在学习游泳。 Do you learn to drive a car? 你学习驾车吗

3) study 研究,学习后不跟动词不定式或动词不定式短语。

e.g. We are studying the maths problem. 我们正在研究这道数学题。 Where do you study ? 你在那学习 9. interesting & interested

interesting “有趣的”指某事或某物本身有趣能引起人的兴趣。 interested “感兴趣的”指某人对某事物感兴趣。

e.g. It is very interesting to listen to him. 听他说话很有趣。 Are you interested in sports? 你对运动感兴趣吗?

10. grow & plant 这两个字都有“种”的意思用法如下

1grow vegetables 种蔬菜 grow wheat 种小麦 grow corn 种玉米 grow rice 种稻 grow cotton 种棉花

2plant trees 种树 plant flowers 种花 Tree Planting Day 植树节 11. alsotoo & either “也”

also 和too 都用在肯定句中一般also 用于行为动词之前be动词和情态动词之后。too 用于

句末。 either 用于否定句的句末。 1 You are also wrong. 2 I also passed the exam.

3 My brother can also speak English.

4 He likes singing English songs and I like singing English songs, too. 5 I don’t like red one , and I don’t like the pink one ,either. 12. too much & much too too much 后跟不可数名词。

e.g. I drank too much beer last night. 昨晚我喝了太多的啤酒。 There is too much noise outside. (外面噪音太大。) much too 后跟形容词或副词,加强语气。 e.g. It’s much too cold today. (今天天气太冷。)

The manager is much too busy to see you. 经理太忙不能见你。 The old man walks much too slow. (这位老先生走的实在太慢。) much too 还可以做状语修饰谓语动词。

e.g. He often eats too much. (他经常吃得太多。)