Lesson 20 One man in a boat
【New words and expressions】(5)
catch v. 抓到
fisherman n. 钓鱼人,渔民
boot n. 靴子
waste n. 浪费
realize v. 意识到
★catch v. 抓到
① vt. 捉住,逮住,捕获
The police have caught the thief.
Have you caught any fish today?
② vt. 抓住,握住
Can you catch the ball?
源-于-网-络-收-集
====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====
③ vt. 及时赶到,赶上
catch a bus 赶车
I want to catch the eight nineteen (train) to London.
④ catch的一些固定用法
catch a cold 染上感冒
catch one's breath 摒住呼吸
catch sight of = see 看见
catch fire 着火
catch one's eyes 吸引某人注意力
★boot n. 靴子
a pair of boots 一双靴子
★waste n. 浪费
① n. 浪费
源-于-网-络-收-集
====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====
a waste of… 浪费……
It is a waste of time/money/food/water.
② vt. 浪费
You are wasting time.
★realize v. 意识到
① v. 认识,知道,明白,意识到
I went into the wrong room without realizing it. I realized that I was wrong.
② v. 实现(希望、目标、愿望等)
realize one's dream 实现某人的梦想
She has realized her hope to be an actress.
③ 使变为事实,使发生(常用于被动语态)
This plan can never be realized.
源-于-网-络-收-集
我无意中走错了房间。
====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====
【Text】
Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything -- not even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. 'You must give up fishing!' my friends say. 'It's a waste of time.' But they don't realize one important thing. I'm not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!
参考译文
钓鱼是我特别喜爱的一项运动. 我经常一钓数小时却一无所获, 但我从不为此烦恼. 有些垂钓者就是不走运, 他们往往鱼钓不到, 却钓上来些旧靴子和垃圾. 我的运气甚至还不及他们. 我什么东西也未钓到过 -- 就连旧靴子也没有. 我总是在河上呆上整整一上午, 然后空着袋子回家. “你可别再钓鱼了!” 我的朋友们说, “这是浪费时间. “然而他们没有认识到重要的一点, 我并不是真的对钓鱼有兴趣, 我感兴趣的只是独坐孤舟, 无所事事!
【课文讲解】
1、Fishing is my favourite sport.
fishing是一个动名词,由动词+ing组成,动名词可以作主语或宾语,如eating,reading等等
★fish
源-于-网-络-收-集
====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====
① n. 鱼(不可数名词),鱼的种类(可数)
There are a lot of fishes(表示种类)in the sea.
② v. 钓鱼, 捕鱼
2、I often fish for hours without catching anything.
for+时间 表示一段时间
for hours=for some hours 数小时
without catching anything作为状语而出现, 表示结果状语。without是介词,后面一定要加宾语, 动名词catching作without的宾语,without 后面的动作是主语来做的。动名词也有动词的特性,可以有自己的宾语。
without通常表示“缺乏、没有”;当它位于动名词前时,表示“不曾、不”
I can’t repair the car without your help.
They tried to leave the restaurant without paying.
He went out without saying any words.
3、But this does not worry me.
源-于-网-络-收-集
====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====
★worry
① v. 烦恼,担扰
worry sb. 某人为……烦恼,担扰(作动词一定要加人作宾语, 翻译时从后往前翻,宾语担心)
The house worried me. / My daughter worried me.
① adj. 担心
be worried about ……为……担心
I was never worried about this. = This does not worry me.
4、Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish.
instead of… 我原准备做……但是后来做了……(instead of 后面的词一定是没有做的, 可以放在主句后面)
I went to school instead of staying at home. 我没呆在家里而是去上学了
I bought books instead of buying dresses.
without强调没有做某件事, instead of强调这件事没做成而做成了另外一件事
副词instead“作为替代,反而”,单独使用时一般出现在句尾
源-于-网-络-收-集
====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删====
If you don’t want a holiday in England, why don’t you go to Australia instead?
5、I am even less lucky.
less是little的比较级,意为“不及,不如,更少”
I spend less time on English than on French.
less+原形
A is less…than B A不如B
6、After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag.
spend+时间+在某地 在某地度过……时间
after after After I go to school, I learned a lot of knowledge. (用一般式表示一个事实, 不用 “went to” ) After going to school, I learned a lot of knowledge. 源-于-网-络-收-集 ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删==== 介词after的宾语的动名词having spent所表示的动作发生在谓语动词go之前,所以动名词用完成形式。 with an empty bag [wiTAn5emptIbA^] 注意连读 with sth. 有……的,持有……的,随身带着……(状语) Who’s the man with the beard? without sth. 没带…… I always go home without angthing. 什么都没带回家 7、'You must give up fishing!' my friends say. give up doing sth. = stop doing sth. 放弃做某事 Give up smoking. 8、I'm not really interested in fishing. be intersted in sth. / doing sth. 对……感兴趣 I’m interested in collecting stamps. 【Key structures】 源-于-网-络-收-集 ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删==== 动名词 动词+ing作名词时称为动名词,它仍有动词的属性,可以接宾语,动名词可以代替名词做主语和宾语或介词宾语。 1、动名词作主语 Watching television is my favourite pastime. 看电视是我最喜爱的业余爱好. 2、动名词作宾语 I am very keen on cycling. 我非常喜欢骑自行车. He is capable of doing anything. 他能胜任任何事情. 3、利用介词/副词+动名词可以把两个句子连成一个句子 apologize for (not) doing sth. 为什么事情而道歉 I must apologize. I interrupted you. 我得表示道歉. 我打断了你的说话(工作). I must apologize for interrupting you. 由于打断了你的说话(工作), 我得表示道歉. (for interrupting强调interrupt这个动词) I must apologize for having interrupted you.(for having interrupted强调interrupt这 源-于-网-络-收-集 ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删==== 个动词先发生,强调时间 (having done)) 以上两者为时间概念不同,意思相同 congratulate (sb.) on doing sth. 因……祝贺(某人) He congratulated me. I won the competition. 他向我道贺. 我赢得了这次比赛. He congratulated me on winning the competition. 在我赢得这次比赛之际, 他向我祝贺. He congratulated me on having won the competition. thank you for listening/attending 动名词用表示完成时的having+过去分词结构往往强调动名词的动词发生在前面。 4、跟动名词的短语 be keen on doing sth.(热忠于……),be fond of,be interested in,enjoy doing sth.(喜欢做某事),congratulations on doing sth. (祝贺……) be afraid of be up to=be capable of (capable [5keipEbl] adj.有能力的, 能干的, 有可能的, 可以...的) 源-于-网-络-收-集 ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删==== 可以带动名词的介词有:before,after,without,instead of等 I can’t watch TV without falling asleep. 我看电视时必定会睡着。 5、动名词的否定式是在它前面直接加not。 Exercises C(用括号中的词来连接下列句子, 如需要可对原句进行必要的改动) 2.She bought a pair of boots. (instead of) She did not get a pair of shoes. She bought a pair of boots instead of getting a pair of shoes. =She bought a pair of boots instead of a pair of shoes. 4.(After) She heard the news. She fainted. after+从句; after prep.+doing After hearing the news,she fainted. (faint [feint] vi.昏晕, 昏倒) 6.(On) I saw the plane coming towards me. I dashed for cover on (prep.)+doing 一……就……(两个动作必须是同一个人) On seeing the plane coming towards me, I dashed for cover. 冲进掩护体 源-于-网-络-收-集 ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删==== as soon as 一……就…… the moment +从句 一……就…… 以上两个主语不一定是同一个人 【Special Difficulties】 Interested and Interesting. Excited and Exciting. 大多数现在分词和许多过去分词都可以作形容词用。以-ed结尾的形容词常与人称主语连用,表示人的情绪、状态、喜好等;以-ing结尾的形容词则常与非人称主语连用,表明事物的某种特征、性质等。 Fishing is not interesting. I am not really interested in fishing. 钓鱼没意思. 我对钓鱼并不真正感兴趣. The match was very exciting. The crowd got very excited. 比赛非常激动人心. 观众非常激动. be interested in sth./doing sth. 对……感兴趣 I’m interested in collecting stamps. 源-于-网-络-收-集 ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删==== It's and Its it’s = it is It's (= it is) cold today. It's raining too. 今天天气冷. 而且正在下雨. its 它的 This engine has lost its power. 这台发动机已失去了动力. Realize and Understand realize vt. 意识到…… He didn't realize that he had made a mistake. 他没有意识到他犯了一个错误. understand vt. 明白…… I don't understand English. 我不懂英语. Exercises(选择正确的词填空) 3.There was some (excited) (exciting) news on the radio. exciting news 源-于-网-络-收-集 ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删==== excited adj. 感动的 ;exciting adj. 令人激动的 如果–ed,-ing 做形容词即作定语时,和被修饰词有关 on the radio 在广播上 I got news on the radio/on TV/on the telephone/on the line(在线,在电话里). 4.He is not an (interesting) (interested) person. an interesting person interested adj. 感兴趣的 ;interesting adj. 有趣的 5.He is an explorer. He leads an (excited) (exciting) life. an exciting life explorer [iks5plC:rE, eks-] n.探险家, 探测者, 探测器 lead a life 过着……日子 lead a happy life He leads a poor life. 源-于-网-络-收-集 ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删==== 【Multiple choice questions】 2 The writer enjoys ___c___ . a.catching fish b.fishing c.doing nothing d.swimming in the river enjoying doing sth I enjoy reading books. enjoy + n. I enjoy books. 6 His bag is empty. He has ___b___ . a.a empty bag b.an empty bag c.empty bag an 指一个, 强调名词;one 一个, 强调 one,强调数量 I sent a letter. (强调信) I wrote one word. (强调一个字) His bag is empty. 强调包是空的,而不是强调一个空包。 源-于-网-络-收-集 d.one empty bag ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删==== 7 I am only interested in doing nothing. That's ___c___ I'm interested in. a.only b.the one c.all d.the only (that's/the) only 一般加名词 that+从句, 从句往往以特殊疑问词引导 that's why…;that's when… that's all 那就是一切 (That’s all said.) That's all(I heard). That's all I can remember. the one 指东西, 不指事情 11 He always goes ___d___ with an empty bag. go home 习惯用法, 最佳答案 go to the house 语法正确 没有规则与语法相提并论时,语法为大;语法与习惯用法相提并论时,习惯用法为大。 源-于-网-络-收-集 ====Word行业资料分享--可编辑版本--双击可删==== Where are you going? (更习惯这么说) Where are you going to? 源-于-网-络-收-集 因篇幅问题不能全部显示,请点此查看更多更全内容