基础训练篇
语法填空（每篇共10小题，每小题分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在标号为1~10的相应位置。
(1)
(2006年) If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify（识别）those of _______(great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first , so you'll feel a real sense of ___________(achieve).
Leaving
the
less
important
things
until
tomorrow____________ (be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused______ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So get an early start and try to be as productive___ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent _______ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks_______ (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _____while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be
less likely______ (bring) your work home. It could be anything, gardening ， cooking , music, sports but whatever it is, _____(make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
(2)
Once there lived a rich man _61____ wanted to do something for the people of his town. 62 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved(值得) his help.
In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 63 very large stone. Then he __64____ (hide ) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.
“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone __65____continued on his way. Another man came along and did the same thing; then another came , and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 66 __ . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 67 (say) to himself: “The night 68___ (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.”
Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 69 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 70 the stone, he
found a bag of money.
(3)
In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear ___61_____ spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation. __62_____ , we must be able to read the language , and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.
There is no easy way to success ___63_____ language learning. __64___ good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only ___65___ (memorize记住) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use ___66_____( learn )by heart long list of words and their meaning, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language. ___67____we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. “Learn through use” is a good piece of __68__ (advise) for those ___69____are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practice speaking and __70__ (write) the language whenever we can.
(4)
In Africa, when the antelope wakes up every morning, the first thing ___61_____ (come) into his mind is, “I must be able to
run___62_____ (fast) than the fastest lion, ___63_____ I will be killed by a lion.” And at just the same time, the lion ___64_____ (wake) out of his dream, and the first thing flashing into his mind is: “I must be able to catch up___65_____ the slowest antelope, otherwise I will starve to___66_____ (dead).” So almost at the same moment, ___67_____ the antelope and the lion jump to their feet, and start running toward the___68____ ( rise) sun.
Such is life — ___69____ you are an antelope or a lion, you ought to dash forward without __70____ (hesitate) when the sun rises.
(5)
The Internet has become part of young people’s life. _1_______ report shows that 38% of students often use the Internet. Most of them get _2________ (use) information on the Internet _3_______ use the Internet to help with their studies. But many students don’t use it _4________ a good way. Some play games too much, and some visit websites __5__________they shouldn’t look at. So bad things may happen if students spend too much time __6_________(surf) the Internet.
__7_______ is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, which uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use__8_______ Internet. It gives useful __9_______ (advise).
Some students also make friends on the Internet. But if you want to have a
face-to-face _10__ ______ (meet) with your online friends, please let your parents know and meet in a proper place.
(6)
If you want to improve your English, you’d better listen to BBC English which is part of the BBC World Service. It (1)____________(broadcast) all kinds of programmes, such (2)__________difficult grammar points, life in Britain, differences between written and (3)__________(speak) English and so on. It is easy for you (4) ___________(find) out some information about the programmes. You just need to write (5)___________ BBC English and ask (6) ________ it.
In China, there (7)__________ (be) also English programmes like Follow Me on TV or (8)_______the radio. They are usually easy (9)__________(receive) and understand and they are very (10)__________(use) to you.
(7)
It is known to all (1)___________ the Chinese diet is considered to be the (2)__________(healthy) in the world because it (3)__________ (contain) a lot of fruit and green vegetables. It is rich (4)___________ fiber and low in sugar and fat.
How (5)_____________ the Western food? It has too much fat in the form (6)______________ potato chips, chocolate and so on. It is also rich in sugar in the form of cakes, soft drinks, etc. As (7) ______ _ result, the westerners usually
become very fat and have bad (8) ____________ (tooth), and many of (9)__________ even die at an early age from heart (10)______________ (ill).
（8）
I attended a birthday party in 1991. My teacher was then 59 years old. (1)__________ her fellow teacher said that we (2)_____________(celebrate) her 39th birthday! We were all (3) ____________ (surprise) and puzzled.
After the party I was told by the fellow teacher that American women have (4) _________ special saying about birthdays. If a woman is (5 ) ________ 40, or even if she is 80, her birthday is always the 39th. If she is in her thirties, 6) __________ birthday will be the 29th. And in her (7) ____________(twenty), it’s the 19th. They usually have their “real” birthday when they are below 20.
This shows that American women, (8) _________________ (special) elderly women, are very sensitive (9)_____ their ages. But my teacher always says, “We want to be younger. ” so about the age of Western women, my advice is that if you don’t know it, don’t ask about it; if you really know it, don’t mention(10)_____________.
（9）
One day, Pierre, (1)_________ worked in a government office, received an (2)____________ (invite) to a palace ball. His wife, Mathilde, had no money
(3)____________ jewellery, so she borrowed a beautiful necklace (4)__________ her friend, Jeanne. She looked very beautiful (5) ___________ they had a wonderful time that evening. But after the ball, she found the necklace (6) _______________(miss). They had to borrow a lot of money to buy a new (7) ___________ for Jeanne. In order to pay (8) _________ the money, they worked day and night for 10 years. Mathilde became very old, so Jeanne didn’t recognize her (9)___________ they met in a park 10 years later. From this story, we know a person shouldn’t be affected (10)____________ vanity(虚荣心), otherwise it will cost him a lot.
（10）
(1)________ is known to all, China is a large country (2)_________ agriculture. Science of farming was first (3)____________ (study) here.
Jia Si-xie, living (4)____________ the 6th century AD, was one of the farming pioneers（先驱者）. After he finished his work for the government, he spent his time (5)__________ his research into agriculture. He studied (6)_________ to keep seeds, how to improve soil conditions and so on.
During the years 533~544, he wrote a book (7)__________ (call) Qi Min Yao Shu ,(8)_________ is about both farming and gardening, (9)__________ (include) advice on how to grow green vegetables, how to keep fish in lakes, and so on. It was considered to be (10)___________ important summary of farming knowledge.
（11）
Walt Disney, (1) _________ great film-maker, was born in Chicago in 1901 and died in 1966. (2)__________ a young man, he wanted very much to be an (3) _____ (art). He went to a newspaper office in the hope (4) __________ getting a job there, but he had no luck.
He didn’t lose heart. He kept on drawing lots of pictures. Being poor, he had to sit in the family garage（车库）, (5)______________ (draw) pictures. Day (6) _________ day, he worked hard. Several years (7) ____________, he succeeded in (8) ______________ (make) his first cartoon character — Mickey Mouse. From then on, he (9) ______________( become) a successful cartoon maker. Many characters in his cartoons are very popular, such as Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck, (10) _____________ are loved by everyone, especially by children.
（12）
Nowadays, almost everyone has realized (1) _________ (smoke) is harmful to people’s health. Sometimes (2 )__________ causes fire.
In China, about 38% of the people smoke. Every year, they smoke millions of packets of cigarettes. It’s bad news (3)_________ the health of the nation.
It’s (4)_________ (know) that smoking can cause different kinds of diseases. Every year, many people die from these illnesses, such (5)_______________ lung
and throat cancers. It also costs the government much money (6)_______________( look) after these sick people. Smoking is also harmful to those (7) ________________ don’t smoke, (8)____________ (special) to children and women.
In (9)__________ word, smoking is no good. If you want to smoke, just think of those(10)_____________ suffer from diseases and the fires that destroy people’s lives and property!
（13）
Xiao Mao is a primary school student and he enjoys (1)_____ (draw) very much.
One day, he went to the small woods not far (2)___________ town to draw from nature, carrying a drawing board. He was glad to find a tree (3)___________(_live) although the rest had been cut down. “Let me start work at once” he thought and began to set up (4)_____________board. Just then a strong young man came (5)_________a big axe and got down to (6)___________ (cut) the tree. Soon he cut it (7)__________ and pulled it away.
When Xiao Mao got ready and turned back to draw, he found the tree had (8)________________ (disappear).
“Dear me ! (9)__________ on earth is the tree ? ” Xiao Mao wondered,
very (10) ______________(disappoint).
（14）
Until recently daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time. Or it __1_____________(consider) an unhealthy escape from real life and its duties. But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming. Some think it may be a very ____2__________ (health) thing to do. Some researchers are finding that daydreaming may be important to mental health. Daydreaming, they tell us, _____3_____(be)
a
good
means
of
relaxation.
But
its
benefits
go beyond this. ___4____ number of psychologists have conducted experiments and have reached some ____5___ (surprise) conclusions.
Dr. Joan T. Freyberg has concluded that daydreaming contributes __6____intellectual growth. It also improves ___7_____ (concentrate), attention span, and the ability to get on with others. Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser believed that much of his success was due to the positive use of daydreaming. Florence Nightingale dreamed of ___8______ (become) a nurse. The young Thomas Edison pictured himself __ 9 __ an inventor. For these notable achievers, it appears ___10___ their daydreams came true. Dr. Harry Emerson Fosdick offered this advice: “hold a picture of yourself… in your mind’s eye, and you will be drawn toward it.
（15）
We are all busy talking about and (1)_____________ (use) the Internet, but how many of us know ( 2)__________ history of the Internet?
Many people are (3)___________ (surprise) when they find that the Internet was not set up in the 1960s. At that time, computers were large (4)__________ expensive. Computer networks didn’t work well. If one computer in the network broke (5 ) _______ , then the whole network stopped. So a new network system had to be set up. It should be good enough to be used by many different computers. If part of the network was working, information could be sent ( 6)___________ another part. In this way the computer network system would keep on (7) _________ (work) all the time.
The Internet was only used by the government in the 1960s, but in the early 1970s, universities, hospitals and banks were allowed (8) ________(use )it too. However, computers were still very expensive and the Internet was difficult to use. ( 9) _______ the start of 1990s, computers became cheaper and easier to use. Scientists had also developed software that made “surfing” the Internet more(10) __________ (convenience).
(16)
Why is setting goals so important? __1________ goals can help you do, be, and experience everything __2_______ you want in life. Instead of just __3_______(let) life happen to you, goals allow yourself to make your life
happen.
__4________ (success) and happy people have set lots of goals to help them reach their aims. By setting goals you are taking control of your life. It’s _5_______ having a map to show you __6__________ you want to go.
Winners in life set goals and follow through with them. Winners decide what they want in life and then get there by making plans and ______7_______ (set) goals. (success) people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren’t difficult to set, and _______8______aren’t difficult to reach. It is up to you to find out ____9________your goals really are. You are ______10_______one who must decide what to do and in what direction to aim your life.
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