电大开放英语3期末复习题

语II（1）动词时态综合复习练习 一、 动词的时态 在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或情况要用不同的动词形式表示，这种形式叫做“时态”。英语动词的时态可分为十六种，但真正经常应用的，实为其中的十一种，它们是：一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、过去进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时。电大开放英语3要求掌握的时态为九种，它们是： 时态 结构 举例（write） 一般现在时 V (动词原形) write/writes 一般过去时 V-ed (动词过去式) wrote 一般将来时 shall/will + V (动词原形) shall/will write 现在进行时 am/is/are + V-ing (现在分词) am/is/are writing 过去进行时 was/were + V-ing (现在分词) was/were writing 现在完成进行时 have/has + been + V-ing (现在分词) have/has been writing 现在完成时 have/has + V-ed (过去分词) have/has written 过去完成时 had + V-ed (过去分词) had written 将来完成时 shall/will + have + V-ed (过去分词) shall/will have written 二、学习重难点 1. 一般现在时，当主语是单数第三人称时，作谓语用的动词原形要加词尾 -s或-es。例如： Mary comes from England. When does the film begin? 2. 英语中不规则动词虽然不多，但它们的使用率却相当高，务必记住。例如： do – did – done, go – went – gone, make – made – made, see – saw – seen 3. 一般现在时与现在进行时的比较： 一般现在时表示一般、重复的动作或事情；现在进行时表示说话时或说 话前后的动作或事情。例如： Excuse me, do you speak English? (一般现在时) Listen to those people, what language are they speaking? (现在进行时) What do you do? (表示重复的动作) What are you doing here? (表示说话时正在进行的动作) 4. 一般过去时与现在完成时的比较： (1) 一般过去时指发生在过去的动作或状态，着眼点在过去；现在完成时则强调过去的动作或事情对现在和将来的影响，着眼点在现在。例如： I lost my pen. (仅表示过去的动作) I’ve lost my pen. I have to write with a pencil. (对现在产生影响) (2) 一般过去时通常与表示过去的特定时间状语连用（此时不能用现在完成时）。例如： Tom lost his key yesterday. When he was 65, he decided that he didn’t want to stop working. 询问某事发生的具体时间或地点时（when, what

time, where），必须用一般过去时。例如： What time did they arrive? When and where were you born? (3) 现在完成时经常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用（since, for）；与表示不确定的时间副词及短语连用（already, before, yet, recently, lately, ever, never等）；与包括现在在内的时间状语连用 （now, just, today, this month, always, in the past few days等）。例如： She has taught English for ten years. I haven’t told you this before. He’s finished his homework today. 5. 现在完成时与过去完成时的比较： 现在完成时用于表示过去的经历或过去的动作或事情对现在和将来的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。过去完成时常用来描述在过去某一时间或过去某一动作以前完成的动作或事件，着眼点在过去，动作是过去的过去。例如： I’ve seen the film. （对现在而言） I had seen the film before I came to Shenzhen. （对过去动作came而言） 6. 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较 现在完成时强调动作的结果，并表示动作已经结束；现在完成进行时强调动作从过去某个时间一直持续到现在，而且还要持续下去。例如： John has painted the door. （已漆完，动作已结束） John has been painting the door. （还在漆，动作还要持续下去） We’ve cleaned the house. You may come in now. （强调动作的结果） We’re very tired. We’ve been cleaning the house. （强调动作持续进行） 三、解题指导 Find the choice that best completes each of the following sentences. 1. Great changes ___ in Beijing in the past three years. A. took place B. have taken place C. has taken place D. have been taken place 答案是B 。这个句子的意思是“在过去三年中，北京发生了巨大变化。”在过去三年中包括现在，因此应该用现在完成时，表示动作从三年前直至现在。此句的主语是“changes,”故应选用have …;“take place (发生)”这一词组不能用被动形式，故此题答案只能选B 。 2. Where ___ the students of Class Three? They ___ morning exercises on the playground now. A. are, are doing B. are, do C. were, are doing D. were, did 答案是A 。这是一道选择正确时态搭配的题。一般现在时和现在进行时经常同在一个句子里使用。一般现在时表示习惯性的反复发生的动作或表示现在的状况；现在进行时则表示此刻（说话人说话时）正在进行的动作或状况。

此句的意思是“三班学生在哪儿？他们现在正在操场上做早操。”因此，只能选择A项。 3. Four years ___ since I ___ the army. A. passed…joined C. have passed…have joined C. has passed…joined D. have passed…joined 答案是D 。在由since（自从）引导的复合句中，时间壮语从句一般用一般过去时，而其主句需用现在完成时。此复合句中的主句的主语是复数（four years），故其选择答案应是D ，全句的意思是“自从我参军以来，四年过去了。” 4. Mary suddenly ___ ill last Sunday, but now she ___ much better. A. fell…felt B. falls…feels C. fell…feels D. fell…has felt 答案是C。第一个空显然应该用一般过去时，因为句子有表示过去时的时间状语last Sunday（上星期日）；第二个空应该选用一般现在时，因为此句是说“现在她感觉好多了”，故正确答案只能选择C 。 5. By the end of last week we ___ five lessons. A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. had learned 答案是D 。此题的意思是“到上周末，我们已经学习五课书了。”一定是在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作，这个过去的时间可以用by, before 等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示。因此D 项选择的“过去完成时（had learned）”是正确的。 6. Can she play the piano? Yes, she can. She ___ to play the piano for a few years. A. has been learning B. learns B. has learned D. is learning 答案是A 。此题的意思是“她会弹琴吗？会，她弹钢琴已经有几年了。”表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，而且仍然在继续进行着，强调动作的“持续性”。现在完成时则强调动作的“结果”，这就是现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别。此题显然是说明她现在仍在继续弹钢琴，故A 项选择的“现在完成进行时（has been learning）”是正确的。 7. Tom is on holiday. He has very little money and he is spending too much too quickly. Before the end of his holiday, he ___ all his money. A. spend B. has spend C. will have spent D. would spend 答案是C 。此题的意思是“汤姆正在度假。他钱不多，但花得很多很快。假期结束前他一定把钱都花光了”。根据此意，应该选择将来完成时(shall/will have + 过去分词)，表示在将来某一时候之前已完成的动作。 四、综合练习 I. Find the choice that best completes each for the following sentences: 1. Don’t turn off the light. I ___ a

report now. a. was reading b. am reading c. have read d. read 2. When I was at school, I ___ to the library every day. a. go b. was going c. have gone d. went 3. We ___ a good swim last Saturday. a. had b. are having c. have d. have had 4. While we ___ with the president, our English teacher came in. a. are talking b. have talked c. were talking d. talk 5. The new books ___ yet. a. haven’t arrived b. hasn’t arrived c. didn’t arrived d. don’t arrive 6. ___ you ever ___ to Shanghai? a. Did…go b. Were…being c. Did…be d. Have…been 7. He ___ his lunch. a. had b. have had c. has had d. ate 8. What ___ you ___ form 7 to 8 yesterday evening? a. did…do b. was… doing c. were…doing d. have…done 9. For years, doctors ___ millions of patients’ lives with the help of microscopes. a. saved b. have saved c. has saved d. were saving 10. I was so happy to see John again last Sunday. We ___ each other for more than two years. a. haven’t seen b. hadn’t seen c. didn’t see d. hasn’t seen 11. We __ three lessons this month. a. have learned b. learned c. has learned d. were having 12. Li Ming ___ to school at seven, and he has English lessons on Mondays and Fridays. a. go b. goes c. was going d. went 13. The moon ___ smaller than the earth. a. was b. is being c. is d. were 14. The train from this station ___ on time. a. never leaves b. were never leaving c. was never leaving d. never left 15. I ___ to Paris several times. a. went b. have gone c. have been d. was going 16. Don’t talk to me. I ___ to learn this poem by heart. a. try b. tried c. was trying d. am trying 17. Alice has lived in China for ten years, so she ___ the life here. a. used to b. get used to c. go used to d. has got used to 18. I’ll buy a pair of shoes if the store ___ soon. a. open b. opened c. opens d. has opened 19. I ___ swimming in the river and I always go to swim when I can. a. liked b. like c. am liking d. was liking 20. My aunt ___ to see us. She’ll be here soon. a. is coming b. comes c. came d. was coming 21. Just as I ___ the house, the phone ___. a. was leaving…rang b. was leaving…would

ring c. left…had rung d. had left…would ring 22. The guide told us that an incident ___ here in 1925. a. was taken pla