剑桥商务英语中级-64
(总分100,考试时间90分钟)
READING
PART ONE
·Look at the statements below and the information on relationship banking on the opposite page.
·Which section (A, B, C, or D) does each statement I-7 refer to?
·For each statement 1--7, mark one letter (A, B, C, or D) on your Answer Sheet.
·You will need to use some of these letters more than once.
A
One of the more discernible trends in the financial-service industry in recent times has been the adoption of programs designed to encourage more personalized relationships between an institution's employees and its clients, particularly those clients who are major depositors. The expression **monly used to describe this type of program is \"relationship banking\".
B
In relationship banking the emphasis is on establishing a long-term multiple-service relationship; on satisfying the totality of the client's financial-service needs; on minimizing the needs or desires of clients to splinter their financial business among various institutions.
C
Implicit within any definition of relationship banking is recognition that the financial-service requirements of one individual or relatively homogeneous group will likely be substantially different from those of another individual or group. A successful relationship banking program is, therefore, dependent in a large part on the development of a series of financial-service \"packages\each designed to meet the needs of identifiable homogeneous groups.
D
Another dimension of relationship banking is the development of highly personalized relationships between employee and client. In most financial institutions today the client is serviced by an employee who happens to be free at the time, regardless of the nature of the transaction. Personalized relationships are therefore difficult to establish. In a full relationship banking program, however, the client knows there is one individual within the institution who has intimate knowledge of the client's requirements and preferences **plex transactions.
1. All kinds of financial needs are met in relationship banking system.
2. Employees in relationship banking are dealing with different businesses respectively.
3. Banking is becoming more personal, which is easily recognized.
4. The necessary first step in instituting relationship bank is recognizing the special needs of groups and individuals.
5. One of the main aims of this type of banking is to encourage clients to keep all their business with a single bank.
6. The relationship banking programs have already been used.
7. A client may develop a high level of confidence in certain employee.
PART TWO
·Read the article below about macroeconomic policies.
·Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.
·For each gap 8--12, mark one letter (A--G) on your Answer Sheet.
·Do not use any letter more than once.
MACROECONOMIC POLICIES
For most countries, the following four principal objectives of economic policy would apply: (1) Maintenance of employment at a high level. (2) Stable prices. (3) Economic growth. (4) Balance of payments equilibrium. These objectives are sometimes extremely difficult to achieve. A high level of employment, for example, tended to push wages and hence prices up. It also created an imbalance between exports and imports. Furthermore **petition among firms for labor tended to reduce labor productivity since workers were not always fully employed.
Government will differ in the emphasis they place on each of the above objectives. (8) . At times when inflation was high, great stress was placed on bringing it down, but this had severe effects on jobs and on economic growth. The pursuit of an expansionary policy very often resulted in an increase in GDP and a fall in the level of unemployment; but was accompanied by a marked rise in the rate of inflation and a serious balance of payments deficit.
In carrying out its economic policy, the government uses two principal means--fiscal policy and monetary policy. (9) Monetary policy is broadly neutral in its effects whilst fiscal and other measures can be used more discriminately--the redistribution of incomes and lower rates of corporation tax for small businesses are two examples.
Government regulation of the money supply is important for economic stability. Banks will wish to keep excess reserves when they do not foresee
profitable and secure opportunities to make loans. This is likely to happen during the downswing and around the bottom of a business contraction. (10)
During a recession, profit-oriented banks tend to reduce the money supply by increasing their excessive reserves if the central banks did not intervene. (11) .
On the other hand, banks will want to squeeze possible money supply out of any given amount of cash reserves by keeping their reserves at the bare minimum when the demand for bank loans is buoyant, profits are high, and many investments suddenly start to look profitable. (12) The authorities must intervene to prevent this. The monetary authorities can exercise monetary control in two ways: either they can attempt to control interest (i. e. the price of money) or they can endeavor to control the money supply.
A Fiscal policy is concerned with taxation, subsidies and government spending; monetary policy, in contrast, is concerned with interest rates, the money supply and bank lending.
B As the money supply is an important influence on aggregate demand such a contraction of money supply would exacerbate the severity of the recession.
C This reduced incentive to hold excess reserves in prosperous times means that during an economic boom, the behavior of profit-oriented banks is likely to make the money supply expand, adding undesirable momentum to the booming economy and paving the way for a burst of inflation.
D These objectives are sometimes extremely difficult to achieve.
E When this occurs, the prosperity of banks to hold excess reserves will turn the money creation process into one of the money destruction.
F For many years the main emphasis was on employment and balance of payments, but this adversely affected the pursuit of stable prices and economic growth.
G When adopting monetary policy, the central bank usually takes action to change the equilibrium of the money market, that is, to alter the money supply, move the interest rate, or do both.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
PART THREE
·Read the article below about the difficulties of managing a small business,
and the questions on the opposite page.
·For each question 13—18, mark one letter (A, B, C, or D) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.
THE DIFFICULTIES OF MANAGING A SMALL BUSINESS
\"The organizational weaknesses that entrepreneurs have to deal with every day would cause the managers of a **pany to panic.\" Andrew Bidden wrote recently in Boston Business Review. This seems to suggest that the leaders of entrepreneurial or small businesses must be unlike other managers, or the problems faced by such leaders must be the subject of a specialized body of wisdom, or possibly both. Unfortunately, neither is true. Not much worth reading about managing the entrepreneurial or small businesses has been written, and the leaders of such businesses are made of flesh and blood, like the rest of us.
Furthermore, little has been done to address the aspects of entrepreneurial or small businesses that are so difficult to deal with and so different from the challenges faced by management in big businesses. In part this is because those involved in gathering expertise about businesses and in selling advice to businesses have historically been more interested in the needs of big business. In part, in the UK at least, it is also because small businesses have always preferred to adapt to changing circumstances.
The organizational problems of entrepreneurial or small businesses are thus forced upon the individuals who lead them. Even more so than for bigger businesses, the old saying is true--that people, particularly those who make the important decisions, are business' most important asset. The research that does exist shows that neither money nor the ability to access more of it is the major factor determining growth. The main reason an entrepreneurial business stops growing is the lack of management and leadership resource available to the business when it matters. Give an entrepreneur an experienced, skilled team and he or she will find the funds every time. Getting the team, though, is the difficult bit. Part of the problem for entrepreneurs is the speed of change that affects their businesses. They have to cope with continuous change yet have always been suspicious about the latest management solution. They regard the many offerings from business schools as out of date even before they leave the planning board and have little faith in the recommendations of consultants when they arrive in the hands of young, inexperienced graduates. But such impatience with management solutions does not mean that problems can be left to solve themselves. However, the leaders of growing businesses are still left with the problem of who to turn to for advice.
The answer is horribly simple: leaders of small businesses can ask each other. The collective knowledge of a group of leaders can prove to be enormously helpful in solving the specific problems of individuals. One leader's problems have certainly been solved already by someone else. There is an organization called KITE which enables those responsible for small businesses to meet. Its members, all of whom are chief executives, go through a demanding selection process, and
then join a small group of other chief executives. **e from a range of business sectors and each offers a different corporate history. Each group is led by a moderator, an independently selected businessman or businesswoman who has been specially trained to head the group. Each member takes it in turn to host a meeting at his or her business premises and, most important of all, group discussions are kept strictly confidential. This encourages a free sharing of problems and increases the possibility of solutions being discovered.
13. What does the writer say about entrepreneurs in the first paragraph?
A. It is wrong to assume that they are different from other managers.
B. The problems they have to cope with are specific to small businesses.
C. They find it difficult to attract staffs with sufficient expertise.
D. They could learn from the organizational skills of managers in **panies.
14. According to the second paragraph, what has led to a lack of support for entrepreneurs?
A. Entrepreneurs have always preferred to act independently.
B. The requirements of big businesses have always taken priority.
C. It is difficult to find solutions to the problems faced by entrepreneurs.
D. Entrepreneurs are reluctant to provide information about their businesses.
15. What does the writer say about the expansion of small businesses?
A. Many small businesses do not produce enough profits to finance growth.
B. Many employees in small businesses have problems working as part of a team.
C. Being able to recruit the right people is the most important factor affecting growth.
D. Leaders of small businesses lack the experience to make **panies a success.
16. What does the writer say is an additional problem for entrepreneurs in the fourth paragraph?
A. They rely on management systems that are out of date.
B. They will not adopt measures that provide long-term solutions.
C. They have little confidence in the business advice that is available.
D. They do not take market changes into account when drawing up business plans.
17. What does the writer say the members of the KITE organization provide?
A. Advice on how to select suitable staff.
B. A means of contacting potential clients.
C. A simple checklist for analyzing problems.
D. Direct experience of a number of industries.
18. The writer says that KITE groups are likely to succeed because ______.
A. members are able to elect their leader
B. the leaders have received extensive training
C. members are encouraged to adopt a critical approach
D. information is not passed on to non-members
PART FOUR
·Read the article below about robots at work.
·Choose the best word or phrase to fill each gap from A, B, C, or D on the opposite page.
·For each question 19--33, mark one letter (A, B, C, or D) on your Answer Sheet.
Robots at Work
The newspaper production process **e a long way from the old days when the paper was written, edited, typeset and ultimately printed in one building with the journalists working on the upper floors and the printing (19) going on the ground floor. These days the editors, sub-editors and journalists who put the paper together are (20) to find themselves in a totally different building or maybe even in a different city. This is the (21) which now prevails in Sydney. The daily paper is complied at the editorial headquarters, known as the pre-press centre, in the heart of the city but printed far away in the suburbs at the printing centre. Her human beings are in the (22) as much of the work is done by automated machines controlled by computers. (23) the finished newspaper has been created for the next morning's edition, all the pages are (24) electronically from pre-press centre to the printing centre. The system of transmission is an update on the sophisticated page facsimile system already in use on many (25) newspapers. An image-setter at the printing centre delivers the pages as films. Each page (26) less than one minute to produce, although for color pages four versions are used, one each for black, cyan, magenta and yellow. The pages are then processed into photographic negatives and the film is used to produce aluminum printing plates (27) for the presses.
A procession of automated vehicles is busy at the new printing centre where
the Sydney Morning Herald is printed each day. With (28) flashing and warning horns honking, the robots look for all the world like enthusiastic machines from a science-fiction movie, as they follow their random paths around the (29) busily getting on with their jobs. Automation of this kind is now (30) in all modern newspaper plants. The robots can (31) unauthorized personnel and alert (32) staff immediately if they find an intruder and not surprisingly, tall tales are already being told about the machines starting to take on (33) of their own.
19.
A. presses B. sessions
C. plans D. schedules
20.
A. sorry B. likely
C. forced D. expectant
21.
A. mood B. sample
C. situation D. environment
22.
A. vast B. plenty
C. minority D. body,
23.
A. Once C. While 24.
A. played C. brought 25.
A. other C. one 26.
B. Before
D. Until
B. powered
D. transmitted
B. another
D. every
A. asks B. puts
C. manages D. takes
27.
A. dealing B. asking
C. attractive D. ready
28.
A. tables B. cards
C. lights D. words
29.
A. ceremony B. plant
C. space D. office
30.
A. disappearing B. refused
C. seldom D. standard
31.
A. detect B. sense
C. write D. do
32.
A. recruiting B. security
C. company D. their
33.
A. families B. personalities
C. functions D. movements
PART FIVE
·Read the text below about opinions on local group business.
·In most of the lines 34--45 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are
correct.
·If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.
·If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.
Shop-local Group Offers Economic Impact Figures
Can If consumers in Hillsborough County can limited their spending on one Saturday
Correct to independent, locally owned businesses instead of chain stores, more than
34 ＄17 million would even remain in the local economy instead of being shipped to
35 outside corporations as overnight deposits. So it say representatives of the
36 Tampa Independent Business Alliance, who base their calculation on studies that
37 made by the American Independent Business Alliance. The national study found
38 that since locally owned businesses began to use goods and services of other
39 businesses in **munity, a consumer's spending circulates 3 up to 31/2
40 times longer locally than if it is spent on at a chain. On Saturday, the local group
41 will be working with the national organization and more than all 25 other
42 communities across the country to broadcast the **ing of the
43 shop-local movement. The educational event, \"American Unchained\be
44 promoted at independent businesses such as Inkwood Books in Tampa. \"We
45 want people to think about where their dollars actually end up to, \" said Carla
Jimenez, co-owner of Inkwood and president of Tampa Independent Business Alliance.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
WRITING
1. PART ONE
·You are Head of Sales Department for Fox Electrical Co.. You are organizing your schedule for a meeting with one of your existing clients next month.
·Write an e-mail to John Driscoll, your client:
· Proposing a time for the meeting
· Explaining what will be discussed in the meeting
· Asking them to suggest an alternative if necessary
·Write 40—50 words on a separate sheet. To:
From:
Date:
Subject:
2. PART TWO·You work for a company that sells electrical goods. You have recently visited a potential supplier in Slovakia.·Read the following memo below on which you made some handwritten notes.·Use the information in the memo to write a short report recommending whether **pany should deal with the supplier or not·Write 120--140 words on a separate sheet.
LISTENING
PART ONE
·You will hear three telephone conversations or messages.
·Write one or two words or a number in the numbered spaces on the notes or forms below.
·You will hear each recording twice.
Conversation One
·Look at the note below.
·You will hear two colleagues talking on the phone.
IT Department Message Time: 10: 30
Tom,
Ellen Proctor (1) ______ Dept called--she has someone who might be suitable for the (2) ______job.
Can you go over there and take a /an (3) ______ with you?
Candidate will wait for up to (4) ______
【点此下载音频文件】
1.
2.
3.
4.
Conversation Two
·Look at the note below.
·You will hear a staff development officer booking a new member of staff on in-house training course.
ABP IN-HOUSE TRANING: COURSE BOOKINGS
COURSE: (5) ______
LEVEL: (6) ______
NAME: Amy Choi
NAME OF LINE MANAGER: Mr. Lim
POSITION/JOB OF LINE MANAGER: (7) ______ Manager Confirm
by (8)______ mail.
【点此下载音频文件】
5.
6.
7.
8.
Conversation Three
·Look at the note below.
·Yon will hear a woman asking to rent an apartment.
Information about House Buyer
Name: Helen Eakins
Address: (9) ______ Pine St.
Telephone Number: (10) ______
Occupation: (11)______ clerk working for (12)______ House Department Store
【点此下载音频文件】
9.
10.
11.
12.
PART TWO
Section One
·You will hear five short recordings.
·For each recording, decide who is speaking.
·Write one letter (A--H) next to the number of the recording.
·Do not use any letter more than once.
·You will hear the five recordings twice.
A a dentist
B a customer
C a policeman
D a mechanic
E a salesman
F a plumber
G a doctor
H a manager
【点此下载音频文件】
13. ______
14. ______
15. ______
16. ______
17. ______
Section Two
·You will hear another five recordings.
·For each recording, decide what the speaker is talking about.
·Write one letter (A--H) next to the number of the recording.
·Do not use any letter more than once.
·You will hear the five recordings twice.
A reception
B research and development
C shop floor
D payroll
E human resources
F information technology
G publicity
H canteen
【点此下载音频文件】
18. ______
19. ______
20. ______
21. ______
22. ______
PART THREE
·You will hear a news story on the latest progress in the human genome research project.
·For each question 23--30, mark one letter (A, B or C) for the correct answer.
·You will hear the recording twice.
【点此下载音频文件】
23.
24.
25. Who predicts the release of our instruction book?
A. A. Chief of the genome project.
B. B. Correspondent.
C. C. Craig Venter.
26. Why are **panies trying to discover the human genome before the government genome project does? A. Because there's a bit of a gold rush going on at it. B. Because they want to stake claims on their discoveries and make huge profits. C. Because they want to patent the genome and transform medicine in ways.
27. What are the arguments for the private ownership of genome patents? A. The ownership encourages innovation. B. The ownership has long been part of European Way. C. The ownership may mark the discovery of the DNA double helix.
28. What are the arguments against the private ownership of genome patents? A. Doctors are not permitted to do gene tests without buying patents. B. The ownership may slow down the research progress. C. The codes for height and intelligence will be revealed.
29. How did Craig Venter defend **pany's behavior? A. He was collecting information to sell to scientists. B. The pace of genetic research became very slow because of competition. C. The information collected by him would be given to the government free of charge.
30. According to Dr. Collins, how to prevent those patents? A. To stop clinical lab from doing diagnostic testing. B. To order government labs to make
every new gene discovery public knowledge. C. To pass laws prohibiting private ownership of genome patents.
SPEAKINGPART ONE
1. The interview—about 3 minutesIn this part the interlocutor asks questions to each of the candidates in turn. You have to give information about yourself and express personal opinions.
2. Mini presentations--about 6 minutes In this part of the test, you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic. You have to choose one of the topics from the three below and then talk for about one minute. You have one minute to prepare your ideas.
3. Discussion--about 5 minutesIn this part of the test you are given a discussion topic. You have 30 seconds to look at the prompt card, an example of
which is below, and then about 3 minutes to discuss the topic with your partner. After that examiner will ask you more questions related to the topic.
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